動名詞(1)
[例題]
1.Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe.
(作為一個教師,當他所塑造的泥人開始呼吸時,人們就把他看成是創造者.)
2.Compiling a dictionary takes much time, patience and a lot of care.
(編寫一本字典需要大量的時間,耐心以及努力.)
[解析]動名詞作主語,表示某個一般的動作,或表示說話者的親身經歷.
[例題]
3.Mark often attempts so to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
(每當馬克思違反交通規則時,他常常設法逃避受罰.)
4.She didn't remember having met him before.
(她忘記從前見過他.)
5.The teacher doesn't permit smoking in class.
(老師不允許上課時吸煙.)
6.The guests said that they wouldn't mind having a little light music.
(客人說他們不介意放點輕音樂.)
7.I would appreciate your keeping it a secret.
(能如此保守秘密我將很感激.)
8.I can't understand why he avoided speaking to us.
(我不明白他為什么總不跟我們說話.)
[解析]只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞有:acknowledge, admit, advise, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, fancy, finish, imagine, include, involve, mind, miss, postpone, practice, quit, resist, suggest等. can not help doing是固定詞組,意為"不得不","不由得".
動名詞(2)
[例題]
1.He has always insisted on his being called Dr Turner instead of Mr.Turner.
(他一直堅持讓別人叫他特納醫生而不是特納先生.)
2.Little Franz was very late that morning on his way to school and was afraid of being punished by the teacher.
（小弗郎茨那天上學在路上耽擱了，他怕挨老師的批評。）
3.I am sure your suggestion will contribute to having solving the problem.
(我確信你的建議會有助于解決問題.)
4.The man in the corner confessed to having told a lie to the manager of the company.
(角落里的那個男士承認向老板說了謊.)
[解析]在動名詞做介詞的賓語時,應特別注意在一些動詞短語后的to究竟是介詞還是不定式的符號.下面是常見的帶介詞"to"的動詞短語,其要求跟動名詞:yield to, confess to, be accustomed to, be used to, be opposed to, admit to, devote...to..., object to, contribute等.
[例題]
5.This sentence needs improving.
(這句子需要修改.)
6.Oh, excellent. It's worth reading a second time.
(噢,太棒了!它值得再讀一遍.)
7.These young trees require looking after carefully.
(這些小樹需要精心護理.)
[解析]在need, worth, require等從此后往往用動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義.
動名詞(3)
[例題]
1.Jean didn't have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy preparing for her examination.
(昨晚珍沒有時間去聽音樂會,因為她正忙著準備考試.)
2.Sometimes very young children have trouble separating fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.
(有時小孩很難區分什么是事實,什么是虛構，他們相信這樣的虛構的確是存在的.)
3.The money is lost, there is no use crying over spilt milk.
(錢已經丟了,后悔是沒用的.)
4.Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.
(艾麗斯很難管住這些孩子，因為孩子太多了。)
[解析]動名詞在固定搭配中，如：be busy doing sth., have trouble doing sth., cannot help doing sth., have difficulty doing sth., It's no use(good)doing sth., There is no doing sth., There is not any doing sth., There is no use doing sth.等.
[例題]
5.I remember him once offering to help us if we ever got into trouble.
(我記得有一次他主動說，如果我們陷入困境,他會幫助我們的.)
6.He forgot about my asking him to join us for dinner.
(他把我請他參加我們晚宴的事忘記了。)
[解析]"物主代詞+動名詞"或"名詞所有格+動名詞"或"名詞或人稱代詞賓格+動名詞"構成動名詞的復合結構,該結構可用作賓語.一般來說，對于有生命的名詞來說,既可用動名詞也可用名詞所有格,但以直接使用名詞為宜;對于無生命的名詞來說,一般要避免使用所有格,對于指代人的代詞來說,使用其物主代詞為宜.
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