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——民事 civil
——民事 civil affairs;affairs relating to civil law
——民事上的占有 civil possesion
——民事上的沒收 civil forfeiture
——民事上訴 civil appeal
——民事主體 civil subject
——民事法律關系 civil legal relationship
——民事活動 activity relating to civil law
——民事糾紛 civil dispute
——民事客體 civil object
——民事原告 civil plaintiff
——民事被告 civil defendant
——民事指控 civil charge
——民事案件 civil case
——民事過失 civil negligence
——民事責任事故 accident involving civil liability
——民事補償 civil remedy
——民事訴訟 civil action
——民事損害 civil injury
——民事債務 civil debt
——民事管轄 civil jurisdiction
——民事制裁 civil sanction
——民事審判 civil trial
——民事調解 civil mediation
——民事罰款 civil penalty
——民事權利爭議 dispute concerning private rights
——民事權利剝奪 deprived of private rights
——民事權利請求 civil claim
——民事權利變更 alternation of private right
——民政 civil administraion
——民事權利與責任 civil right and liability
——民事權利 civil right
——人身權利 jura personarum; rights of the person
——人格權 right of personality
——上訴權 right of appeal
——不受時效限制權 imprescriptible right
——立遺囑權 right to make a will
——合法權利 legal right
——共有權 communal tenure
——求償權 recoupment; recourse
——居住權 right of habitation
——使用權 right of use
——委任權 power of pocuration
——財產權 proprietatis; property right
——財產讓與權 benefit of cession
——起訴權 right of action
——采光權 right of ancient lights
——專用權 sole right of use
——專有權 exclusive power
——專利申請權 clailm of patent application
——控告權 right of complaint
——答辯權 right of reply
——解釋權 right to interpret
——經濟權利 economic right
——債的請求權 debt claim
——監護權 guardianship
——選擇權 right of choice
——轉賣權 right of resale
——（當事方為進行仲裁或接受國際法院的管轄權而簽訂的）協定 compromis: a special agreement between States to submit a particular issue either to an arbitral tribunal or to the International Court of Justice
——事實上 de facto: existing as a matter of fact rather than of right
——法律上 de jure: as a matter of legal right
——根據公允及善意的原則 ex aeque et bono: as a result of fair dealing and good conscience
——出于善意的 ex gratia: done as a matter of favour (An ex gratia payment is one not required to be made by a legal duty.)
——依職權而自然獲得 ex officio: by virtue of holding an office
——事后的；溯及既往的 ex post facto: by a subsequent act (describing any legal act, such as a statute, which has retrospective effect)
——主動的，自愿的 ex proprio motu(ex mero motu): of his own motion
——不可抗力 force majueure(法語): irresistible compulsion or coercion
——強制法 jus cogens(ius congens): coercive law; a rule or principle in international lawthat is so fundamental that it bins all states and does not allo——any exceptions
——萬民法，萬國法，國際法 jus gentium: the lawof people; international law
——法無明文不處罰 nulla poena sine lege: no penalty(punishment) without a law
——法無明文不為罪 nullum crimen sine lege: no crime without a law
——條約必須遵守原則 pact sunt servand: a pact is not to be surrendered (agreements are to be kept)
——自身，本身；本質上 per se
——不受歡迎的人（personna grata 受歡迎的人） personna non-grata
——初步的，表面上的 prima facie: at first appearance; on the face of things
——情勢變遷原則 rebus sic standibus: change of circumstances
——無主物 res nullius: an asset susceptible of acquisition but presently under the ownership or sovereignty of no legal person
——未確定時日的 sine die: without a date
——越權行為（與intra vires相對） ultra vires(act)
——占領地保有原則 uti possidetis
v Lesson Six
——民事責任 civil liability （信托法律網/www.trustlaws.net編輯）
——不履行法律責任 omission
——共同連帶責任 joint and separate responsibility
——完全責任 full liability
——侵權責任 liability for tort
——連帶責任 joint liability
——財產責任 property liability
——過失責任 fault liability
——替代責任 vicarious liability
——無限責任 unlimited liability
——單獨責任 solitary liability
——道德責任 moral obligation
——監護責任 liability of guardian
——嚴格責任賠償 strict liability
——債轉股 debt-to-equity swap
——港元的聯系匯率制 the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
——壞帳、呆帳、死帳 bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
——反傾銷措施 anti-dumping measures against...
——通貨緊縮 deflation
——通貨膨脹 inflation （信托法律網/www.trustlaws.net編輯）
——非配額產品 quota-free products
——非生產性投資 investment in non-productive projects
——風險管理/評估 risk management/ assessment
——風險基金 venture capital
——風險準備金 loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
——搞活國有大中型企業 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
——規模經濟 scale economy/ economies of scale
——國合企業(即國有合作社) state-owned cooperatives
——國際收支 balance of international payments/ balance of payment
——國際收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment
——國家補貼 public subsidies
——國家現匯結存 state foreign exchange reserves
——合理引導消費 guide rational consumption
——季節性調價 seasonal price adjustments
——既成事實 established/accomplished facts
——技工貿結合的科技型企業 scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development
——勞動密集性企業 labor-intensive enterprises
——亂集資、亂攤派、亂收費 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory donations and random levies on enterprises
——千年問題、千年蟲 millennium bug
——企業技術改造 technological updating of enterprises
——企業虧損補貼 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
——實行國民待遇 grant the national treatment to
——平等互利、講求實效、形式多（信托法律網/www.trustlaws.net編輯）
樣、共同發展的方針
pursuing practical results, adopting various ways and seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual benefit, efficiency, diversity and mutual development
——瓶頸制約 "bottleneck" restrictions
——市場準人的行政管理措施 AAMA: Administrative Aspects of Market Access
——亞太工商咨詢理事會 ABAC: APEC Business Advisory Council
——亞太商業論壇 ABF: APEC Business Forum
——亞太通訊與數據系統 ACDS: APEC Communications and Database System
——亞太中小企業技術交流與培訓中心 ACTETSME: APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
——亞洲開發銀行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
——亞太經合組織經濟領導人會議 AELM: APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
——東盟自由貿易區 AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Area
——亞太經合組織部長級會議 AMM: APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
——澳新緊密經濟關系協定 ANZCERTA: Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
——亞太商業網絡 APB-Net: Asia-Pacific Business Network
——亞太經濟合作組織 APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
——亞太能源研究中心 APERC: Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
——亞太信息基礎設施 APII: Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure
——亞太實驗室認可合作 APLAC: Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation
——亞太法定計量論壇 APLMF: Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
——亞太計量程序 APMP: Asia Pacific Metrology Program
——東南亞國家聯盟 ASEAN: Association of South-East Asian Nations
——亞歐會議 ASEM: Asia-Europe Meeting
——農業技術合作 ATC: Agricultural Technical Cooperation
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